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- Published on: 1613
- Binding: Hardcover
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3 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
By Neutral
Andrew Roberts considers the careers of Churchill and Hitler, surveying the historiography surrounding both men, making mincemeat of revisionist and Marxist historians who have sought to re-write history in their own image. As Roberts suggests the conflict between Churchill and Hitler established the framework within which the world now works. Both believed they had been chosen by Fate or Providence for great things. History implies Churchill was right, Hitler was wrong but that under-estimates the role each man had in determining his own destiny. Churchill was born to privilege 'that so often presages mediocrity' while Hitler was beset by 'every disadvantage necessary for success in life'. Politics was in Churchill's blood, Hitler came to politics almost accidentally.Hitler convinced himself of his own historical role Churchill merely assumed it. What they shared were visions of the future. Each had 'an almost superhuman tenacity of purpose that they held on to throughout their long years of adversity and failure'. Both succeeded because they had influential friends to sustain them when they were in dire financial straits. They used religious sentiment when it suited them and neither can be described as practicing Christians. Churchill admired Jesus's courage in the face of death, Hitler refashioned Christ as a true Aryan while denying any connection between Aryanism and Christianity. Both were united in their opposition to Bolshevism although Hitler analysed it as a Jewish plot while Churchill considered it primarily as a political and philosophical phenomena.Hitler set out to convince the German people he was, 'the man who did not belong to any class, to any caste, who is above all that. I have nothing but a connection to the German people.' From that self-proclaimed lofty role he identified the Jews as the Germans' common enemy and garnered support for his irrational hatred from the populace. Using his natural rabble rousing style, refined by hours of practicing in front of a mirror and the use of well rehearsed pauses, Hitler worked himself into a rant. By way of contrast Churchill did not need to practice but he learned his lines before delivering speeches. Churchill was identified, even in the pre-war deferential world, as a member of the upper class. He identified Hitler and the Nazis as the enemy rather than the German people. He did not ask the people to identify with him, he identified with them even though in the early part of the war he had no idea how Germany could be defeated. Whereas Hitler gave the Germans confidence of glorious victories, Churchill offered the British nothing 'but blood, toil, tears and sweat'. As the American journalist Ed Murrow wrote of Churchill in 1940, 'He mobilised the English language and sent it into battle'.The personalities of Hitler and Churchill are insufficient of themselves to explain their different impacts. Hitler surrounded himself with sycophants and practiced a detachment from governmental business that enabled him to make his minions (including the Nazi and Army leadership) dependent on his approval. He overruled his generals and eventually took charge of the military campaign. Churchill surrounded himself with people who were not intimidated by his personality. The opposition parties were brought into government. He 'never once overruled his Chiefs of Staff, however much he might have disagreed with them at times'. Field Marshal Alanbrooke, mindful of Churchill's failed Gallipoli campaign in the First World War, was determined not to allow a repetition by quashing Churchill's plans for attacking the Balkans in 1943 and Sumatra in 1944. What saved Churchill from potentially disastrous military blunders, 'was that he respected people who stood up to him and did not mince their words'. The contrast with Hitler could hardly have been greater.Each of the protagonists frequently made reference to the other although most of Hitler's comments were in private while Churchill's were very public. Hitler characterised Churchill as acting on behalf of 'his Jewish paymasters'. He thought Churchill was so unpopular that any setback would see him driven from office for betraying the interests of the Empire, a theme he returned to several times with the fall of Singapore and the success of Rommel's army in North Africa. He never understood that opposition to Churchill was not based on opposition to the war. Whereas Hitler tended to see Churchill from his own perspective, Churchill often tried to put himself in Hitler's position. Using this method he correctly worked out that Hitler was not a master strategist who had planned the defeat of France followed by an invasion of Britain but someone for whom the invasion of Britain was not considered until France had fallen. Churchill did not underestimate the power of Hitler's hold over the Nazi regime and expected him to fight to the end.Roberts spends time discussing revisionist historiography. He dismisses Daniel Goldhagen's claim that Antisemitism was ingrained into German culture making the Holocaust inevitable, arguing that Jews were better integrated into Germany than most parts of Europe. He supports Christopher Browning's conclusion that the notorious Reserve Police Battalion 101, which was responsible for thousands of deaths in Poland, were driven to mass murder by peer pressure and a natural propensity for obedience and comradeship rather than Antisemitism or Nazi fervour. He accuses ideologues from the Left (Clive Ponting) and the Right (David Irving) of using Churchill to make political points of their own. Others who receive short shrift are Robert Raaico and John Charmley.Churchill did not win the war but by making less mistakes than Hitler emerged the victor. In particular, he benefited from three poor decisions by Hitler. The first was the order to halt the panzers outside Dunkirk in 1940. The second was the invasion of Russia in 1941 and the third the declaration of war against the United States in the same year. Hitler abandoned the Germans by killing himself, Churchill found himself abandoned by the electorate. His legacy lives on, Hitler's returned to the sewers. Five stars.
27 of 39 people found the following review helpful.
By Jake Cheetham
An intruguing review of two of the world's most fascinating war leaders. Roberts makes valid points about the leaders and comes to a profound conclusion. The book is littered with evidence that's used to back up his argument, which he successfully puts forward, implying thorough research has gone into the book. I particularly liked this book due to the relevant and sometimes startling revelations that it makes. Roberts succeeds in making the book readable as well as not too simple. What the author has managed to do best is bring up very relevant points that have not been recognized to a great extent yet. The whole works is backed by hard evidence.Overall a very revealing and thought-provoking book. Definitely a brilliant bit of work.
1 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
By Scott Dean
My title says is all. I very much enjoyed the introduction to this book, but it was clear after reading several pages of the first chapter exactly what I was in for. It's now becoming plain to me that if I want to read any objective synopsis of any aspect of WW2 I have to look for publications printed either before, during (caution needed due to propaganda), or immediately after the conflict.I could not disagree more with some of the reviewers here, this book is Pro-Churchillian in the extreme.
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